Consumerism in Contemporary America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Consumerism in Contemporary America - Essay ExampleThe paper entails a personal perspective in regards to the lessons versed from The Year Without Toilet Paper and Thoreaus Worst Nightmare articles.The Year Without Toilet Paper locomote within the article of No Impact Man, which is about Beavan, a man desiring to conserve the surround by neglecting commodities produced through modern technology. Beavan decides to live on earth and ensures there is a use of favourable commodities for the safety of nature. The Thoreaus Worst Nightmare describes how different the early life of Walden is compared to the life of his children.Consumerism refers to a short letter where states desire to safeguard the interest of consumers pertaining to the products they (consumers) access, commodity pricing, and content of adverts. Consumerism in America entails an interest in astir(p) consumption of manufactured products. Cornyn states that changes in Americans economic status led to a fright in the e conomic sector. Poor quality production in the manufacturing industries contributes to changes in customer preferences and hence settles in the product demand.Services offered to customers determine the desire to go for other products of lesser costs to satisfy singulars taste. Low incomes in the market industry disabling the processing departments result from a decrease in the selling of products. The belief that security required during business transactions is by government officers, family accountants, and organization inspectors seized to be truly certain grounds. The reason for the belief being false is because of increase in knowledge of people owning business entities. People with diversity in professional knowledge operate in different departments to guarantee growth of organizations under less expense.

The Close Relationship Between Financial Leadership and Financial Goal Dissertation

The Close Relationship Between Financial Leadership and Financial Goal scenery of Top SMEs - Dissertation ExampleGenerally, this requires a finance strategy (Bender & Ward, 2009) that seeks the maximisation of sales, market share, profits, earning per share, return on investment, growth, stock price and stockholders well being (Bierman, 1999). Finance leadership is important in attaining good results for incarnate entities. Financial leadership involves strategic thinking, innovation, worry of business risks and change (Militello & Schwalber, 2000). Strategic thinking entails the use of merged and emergent systems to plan and attain results for the whole organisation over a long period of time. A leader has the responsibility of considering the internal organisational and external environmental factors in order to come up with a good strategy. When a strategy is in operation in an organisation, the leaders will have to let on inhibitors and other factors that can prevent them fr om attaining their objectives and solve them through a comprehensive risk management system. pattern has to do with the continuous improvement of systems, processes and products of an organisation and it requires deep thinking and analysis to be attained. Financial management requires four things Leadership, Ethics, Structures & Responsiveness (Blore et al, 2004). In other words, a financial leadership structure must be sensitive to the technical elements of leadership as well as the ethical concerns of leadership. It should also have structures of rules and regulations that would fix activities throughout the organisation and be responsive to emergent matters and situations that would come up. The distribution of authority in organisations is do through a defined organisational structure which sets out the relationship between various units of the organisation (Stevens & Loudon, 2005). For the sake of accountability, there is the need for reporting to be done by subordinates t o people in authority (Stevens & Loudon, 2005). wherefore people who have power delegated to them have the duty of reporting to their leaders at regular intervals. about of these reports include financial reports like management financial information from lower units which culminates in the creation of income and military strength statements that are used by various stakeholders for decision making. Problem Statement In practical terms, there is a questions about how these necessary qualities of financial leadership relate to businesses and their goals. For instance one would wonder why some(a) companies are suppuration quickly financially whilst others are folding up in the UK. It is professedly that the global recession is making business difficult but how come some are growing fast and some are growing slowly? It therefore suggests that some businesses are getting some principles of finance right whilst others are not. What are the structures in financial systems and structu res that affect financial goals of an organisatio

Critical Analysis of Microsoft Monopoly Power Essay

Critical Analysis of Microsoft Monopoly Power - Essay ExampleMoreover, the unbendable provide stand to benefit from the economies of production and the cost per unit of products leave be lowered (Baumol & Blinder 2011). This go away create adit barriers to new entrants. There are various sources of monopoly condition. The first source of monopoly power is the get a line of an important factor of production that is fundamental in the production process (Allen 2003). A firm that has soap control on an important factor e.g. technology, land, or production process is likely to acquire monopoly power and hence lock out competitors. Secondly, monopoly power may also be attained from the regime where the government licenses only mavin firm to be the sole supplier in the industry thus prohibiting accession from competitors. The monopoly power may also be attained because of the market size i.e. where the market is small one supplier may supply the whole market. Finally, the amalg amation and mergers of firms in the industry could also create monopoly power. Firms may merge to benefit from the economies of scale production or to avoid competition that could cause losses to the firm. much(prenominal) factors may give way to monopoly in an industry (Learning & Moyer 2010). In the case of the soft spend product industry, Microsoft has enjoyed monopoly position by creating entry barriers to their potential competitors. Entry barriers arise in terms of high costs, time, quality, and overleap of resources to advertise in ramble to pay off successful entry. One of the strategies that Microsoft utilise to lock out their competitors was the large number of applications that were necessary to make an operating system preferred by the end users (Kobie 2009). The ends users require software that can be used to execute the different functions at once and this will ensure that they get the convenience they require. It would thus pricy for a new entrant to develop so ftware with many applications that will compete those of Microsoft (Kobie 2009). The users of computer software are also likely to remain loyal to Microsoft application software because of the multi application that the soft ware can perform. The second way of creating entrance barrier is by entering into exclusive agreements whereby a firm will enter into agreements that prohibits the use of their competitors products. In the case of Microsoft, the company created exclusive agreements in which the companys operating software would be solely used in their PCs (Meller 2009). As a result, their competitors or potential competitors would lack the market for their software and this would make them incur heavy losses that lead to their termination or dissolution. This anti competitive strategy is not healthy for the users of the products, as they will lack a variety of products to make choices from (Mankiw 2008). They will thus be compelled to adhere to the available and little operable option. These therefore deny the consumers their sovereignty making Microsoft monopoly unjustified. In addition, Microsoft used their financial power and strength to make their competitors at bay. Monopolists firms make large profits that is can use in lowering the selling hurt or giving offers that are meant to make their products cheaper compared to those of the competitors (Kobie 2009). Due to this new entrants or existing smaller competitors will be barricaded from accessing the market and hence the continuation of the

Point of View Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Point of View Paper - Essay ExampleThe Confederate soldier would tell Farquhar that the bird of night Creek Bridge had been interpreted, but if someone lit old driftwood on fire it would burn like tow. However, the Confederate soldier would warn Farquhar of the Union decree of death by hanging for anyone tampering with the rail line or bridges. Farquhar would not reply, but give a smug smile at the news.Then I would film Farquhar sliding rancid a plank and the rope snapping, with him plunging in the water. This scene should have a watch ticking in the back ground right before Farquhar slides off, and then snap back to unquestionable sound when he hits the water. Shock should be filmed on the Union soldiers faces, with their fumbling for their guns.The next scenes tool would be Farquhar underwater. Lethargic at first, Farquhar would sink, and then come alive. He would slip out the ropes binding his arms, flinging off his noose, and come out of the water with a piercing shriek. T he two soldiers on the bridge would be aiming and barb at him. Since it takes a moment to reload, Farquhar would reach the sanding bank as the cannon fires a volley into the ground before him. Farquhar would reach the woods and flee. Then a couple of scenes of Farquhar running in the woods at night should be shot. One should show him running in fright, the next walking tiredly. Finally in the morning light, Farquhar should be shot walking with his eyes shut up a long track towards a two story home with six columns on the porch. He opens his eyes to run toward a woman dressed in a brown hoopskirt. As soon as he reaches her, the self-colored scene fades.The final shot should be of Farquhars swinging body on the bridge. It should not be of him falling, this would already been seen when the rope broke. Just his swinging body should be shot. A close up taken of the actors face might show a slight smile at the aspect of being home. This would represent Farquhars peace at going home th rough death.To

Health Care Delievery systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Health Care Delievery systems - Essay ExampleIn others, there is a joint attempt among trade unions, religions, governments, charities, or other corresponding units to provide designed health boot services aimed at the population they assist (Saltman & Von, 1995). This paper will assess the similarities and differences surrounded by different health anxiety delivery systems.Publicly funded health care is financed partly or simply by peoples tax sums instead of through exclusive fees. This are made at present to health care givers or insurance policy companies through deductibles, insurance premiums, or copayments. Two-tier health care is a system whereby an assured public health care system is in existence. However, a corresponding health care system functions in equivalent competition. The private health care system gives the patients a feel to hold more alternatives in selecting their physicians and waiting lesser periods. Nevertheless, two-tier health care system is expen sive and coiffe aside for only those who can meet the expenses (World Health Organization, 2000). Physicians who work in the private health care systems may also have an advantage because they can establish their own charges.Single-payer system is a mode to financing health care with a single source of funds for paying health care givers. The range may be community based, national, or state-wide. The payer may be an entity like an insurance agency or a governmental unit. The proposed benefits may comprise large savings in viewgraph charges and administrative simplicity for providers and patients. Universal health care system is also referred to as social health protection, universal care or universal insurance coverage. It depicts a health care system that gives free coverage and health care to everyone in the population of that state or country. Conversely, universal health care does not cover everybody for all things. Moreover, universal health care can be influenced by three springy

How successful is Rolex's current marketing strategy Research Paper

How successful is Rolexs current selling strategy - search Paper ExampleIn order to reach the right target market, Rolex has make a drastic change in its marketing strategy by moving from traditional mediums such as Television Advertisements and advertisements in bleakspapers and magazines to celebrity endorsements such as Roger Federer and events sponsorships both of these elements have created a new image in the market. As people are forgeting to invest in those brands that will upraise their relationship with their favorite personalities, Rolex has capitalized on this aspect. The primary research conducted among the college students revealed that they are willing to own Rolex brand as it helps them in developing an association with their favorite star. Hence, Rolex is doing aggressive marketing so that it brush off capture the prudence of its target market, enhance its distinctive image humanswide and keep on making valuable percentage in the wristwatch industry. Introdu ction In luxury wristwatch industry, Rolex is the leading name, and it has become a stead symbol worldwide. Since Rolex has been meeting the demands of its guests for so many years and has been given top ranking in the worlds best brands list, it is of great interest to know the secret of the success of Rolex. One of the important aspects of each brand is its marketing strategy because it gives it a sense of direction about the efforts that need to be make so that it can capture the attention of its target market and convey positive message to its customers (Key Note, 2011). Research Objectives and Questions The main research objectives of this study are 1. To gather information about top brands of wristwatch industry. 2. To divulge the marketing activities conducted by Rolex to attract the customers. 3. To evaluate the image held by the customers about Rolex brand. In order to check the current marketing strategy employed by Rolex, following research questions will be commun icate to achieve the objectives of the study 1. Why is Rolex a successful brand? 2. What is the marketing strategy followed by Rolex to defend its position in the market? 3. Why are the customers of Rolex satisfied with its wristwatches? Importance of the Study The study will help in understanding the importance of marketing strategy in creating a right stead in the market. When the marketing strategies of top ranked brands are studied, an in-depth understanding about the relevant topic can be developed. Rolexs current marketing strategy will assist in analyzing the success of Rolex in such a dynamic and competitive wristwatch industry. Limitations of the Study The scope of the research is limited as there are both time and resource constraints. The research is exploratory in nature and it is comprised of questionnaire-survey. The questionnaire has been intentional in consensus with the previous work done by some authors as the questions are designed in accordance with the variab les identified to be studied for the research purpose which is discussed in the Literature Review section. The handiness of pure study of the subject was another constraint as the researcher is inexperienced and may omit certain skills which can affect the research paper. Literature Review Brief Introduction of Rolex Whenever a customer wears Rolex watch, it enhances the persons personality which makes a statement that the person has a great taste of mood and fashion (Gautschi, 2005). Since Rolex watches are designed exclusively for the upper class, only selected

Business - Corporate Accountability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business - Corporate Accountability - stress ExampleIn simple terms, corporate accountability is the ability of individuals affected by a pot to take charge of the actions of the enterprise. It involves changes in the legal framework of how a society operates within social and environmental parameters. Corporate accountability ensures that the legal framework within which a corporation operates is enforceable. This means that the corporation thunder mug be held accountable if it fails to meet the set requirements. It offers legal rights over the relevant stakeholders to seek compensation incase they suffer from the companys operation (Friends of Earth, 2005). Corporate accountability ensures corporations operate with the view of minimizing and avoiding social or environmental risk and harm. The concept of corporate accountability has brought various enlightened sectors of the corporate world together. environmental organizations, trade unions, consumers, human rights and governm ents have all united behind the concept of corporate accountability (Friends of Earth, 2010). Corporations on a regular basis may exploit weak regulatory systems in poor and developing countries making citizens in such(prenominal) countries vulnerable to corporate human rights abuse. Corporations also exploit such weak domestic regulatory systems receivable to the lack of international corporate accountability. ... As companies expand internationally, regulation measures have not been put in place to ensure compensation for individuals whose human rights be tot up violated. Large and multinational companies have an obligation to encourage human rights within their operations. Corporate accountability provides corporations with an opportunity to have a look at its operations and impact on people as well as the environment (Isaleem, 2010). This paper will focus on a case study on corporate response of the Shell oil company towards corporate accountability resulting from consumer an d political pressure. CASE STUDY SHELL OIL COMPANY Shell crude oil Company is the fifth largest company in the world according to Forbes magazine. It is a global oil and muff company. The companys registered office is in London while its headquarters are located at The Hague, Netherlands. The companys primary business involves oil exploration, harvesting, transportation and trade. In its oil operations, the company has come under severe scrutiny regarding to its role in environmental pollution and human rights abuses in some(prenominal) countries. It has become particularly criticized over the effects of its operations in Africa which has led to several protests against the company. Its operations in the Niger-delta located in Nigeria have resulted to extreme environmental issues (Amnesty International, 2005). Oil spills resulting from old and corroded pipelines has contributed to the death of vegetation, fish and general environmental degradation in the Niger-delta. This has led to mass protests against Shell by the local world in Niger-delta and particularly Amnesty international. The environmental pollution has also led to calls to

Retirement Age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

hidea commission Age - Essay ExampleNevertheless, this paper will focus on expressing my stance on the issues regarding loneliness age, whereby I will determine the most appropriate age at which a person should go on in employment. There is need to turn that at full put outment age tidy sum atomic number 18 entitled to full and unreduced retirement benefits, though this eject be received either at the primeval retirement age of 62 or at the late age of 70, or retire at any time between the age of 62 and 70. I suggest that one should consider the benefits of early retirement, despite the argument that these benefits ar reduced by a fraction of percentage, every month prior to full retirement age. However, most Ameri merchant ships atomic number 18 no longer willing to go for an early retirement in fact, most of them argue that they plan to retire after 65 (Meyer, 2013). Basically, these plans can be attributed to increasing gap of more than 636 retirees for more than two thousand adults in America as indicated by the Gallup survey. I do not support the policies that allow order people to build indefinitely, since age cannot be considered a guarantee of ability. There is need to give younger employees break to work since they have more energy, experience and skills compared to older staff, who remain in the same unit for a long period of their career. In this case, early retirement should be made compulsory in order to offer a chance to incorporate new ideas in the organization. Nonetheless, there is need to set age limits since numerous people are willing to continue working due to lack of plans and roles. Order people are entitled to be rewarded by the society for their labor, whereby they can be offered a pension and liberty for enjoying their leisure. In addition, there are numerous young people who are unemployed leading to frustrations experienced in low-level put (Meyer, 2013). Opponents of the motion to make early retirement mandatory have argued that this can be considered a focusing of denying them freedom and right to work in fact, this is considered a way of depriving the society valuable experience and ideas. In addition, they argue that workers should be given a chance to be flexible over their retirement age, which can benefit the society (Meyer, 2013). However, I do not agree with these notions, since they contribute to denial of chances for young people to secure employment or develop their careers. On the other hand, there are arguments I can support in regard to offering order people to work as much as they can for instance, in professions such as scientists, artists, and politicians. Moreover, most of the order people in these kinds of professions are workaholics hence, they favor working until their death. In this case, they are not willing to idle at home every daylight after they retire since they are used to going to work. A good example of these people is Mrs Schweer, who was the oldest politicia n in America working at the age of 105. Some people may consider implementing order of retirement age to be wastage of time and resources, but I do not see it that way (Brandon, 2013). In fact, I can argue that there are very many things that those executives, who are at once trained, can do such as mentoring the young population to become better. Therefore, instead of continuing to work in their old age, they should use this time to share their experience and knowledge with young people for the prospective of the nation (Brandon, 2013). The government

Green and Gracious Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Green and Gracious - strain Examplegreases from machinery and equipment, used or leftover paints containing heavy metals or organic solvents, used or worn-out(a) lead-acid batteries, used explosive tool cartridge.The responsible person (engineer or supervisor) shall determine the volume of concrete, in rundown to determining the last balance area, to be used before placing an order. A material wastage control formulate shall be attached while ordering concrete.The responsible person (engineer or supervisor) shall ensure that the beat of rebar delivered is in conformance with the order. Sub-contractors shall use cut and bent rebar on site as far as practicable. protection must be erected at site for safe storage of pre-packed cement by prevention of moderate contact with sunlight or rain water. The responsible person (supervisor) shall be responsible for monitoring the sum of money ordered and delivered on site.The responsible person (ECO or SO) shall record wipe out disposal, and maintain and modify the eat register at each project. Wastes such as steel, concrete, or wood shall be recycled for minimization of waste disposal. The responsible person (ECO, SO, HS, SS) shall inform the PM or PIC if any irregularities such as fuse of wastes are discovered.The responsible person (PM or PIC) shall initiate EHS non-conformance, corrective and preventive achievement, and other necessary action for prevention of recurrence when there is failure in reduction of materials.The responsible person (QS) shall review and update the material quantity schedule based on project progress, and forward the revised material quantity schedule to the concerned personnel for monitoring.Metal formwork that can be re-used for several projects shall be used. Formwork shall be back up by aluminium I beams and steel rectangular hollow sections instead of timber sections. Precast pre-tensioned slab or hollow core slab shall be used as an integral slab system that also acts as a fo rmwork system.The responsible person (PM) shall

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

writings Review - Essay ExampleAnxiety disorders are putting green in the contemporary society and causes abject on people that are adversely affect members of the population. Research has shown that anguish disorders are the most common mental issues as explained by Kessler et al. (2005617). Large scale epidemiological studies conducted in the US have shown that 25-30 share (Kessler et al. 2005618). It can be observed that different surveys that were conducted in Western nations such as Great Britain, Canada and Australia (Andrews et al., 2001143). Additionally, anxiety was found to be the leading mentalhealth issue by the World Health Organisation. In addition to the high occurrence rates of anxiety issues that were found in the population, a considerable do of individuals were found to have anxiety levels that are not up to the clinical levels. Worry is the major forefinger of the anxiety disorders that is common among the general population.Numerous studies have been cond ucted on the role of animal(prenominal) recital in preventing exercise. Others have concentrated on the efficiency of exercise in alleviating anxiety disorders. These studies have stated that at that place is a link between frequent physical exercise and individuals well-being. According to Steptoe and Butler (19961792) a query that was conducted on 5061 people revealed that there is a well-established correlation between emotional well-being and regular physical exercise. Later Steptoe (1997) found that there was a strong inverse connection between frequent exercise and depression levels in a sample of 16, 483 participants of college students after taking into account the impacts of gender and age.Subsequently, Stephens (198845) conducted a research on American and Canadian participants and found a similar trend. This means that there was a disconfirming relationship between frequent exercise and depression symptoms. In this study factors including physical illness, sex, age and other

Discuss the legacy of Puritan thought in the work of Cotton Mather Essay

Discuss the legacy of Puritan thought in the work of Cotton Mather - Essay ExampleStill, he also used the technique of the constant lotion of ghostly and biblical ideology to the contemporary ball. Mather serves as an icon for conservative, unapologetic Puritanism for social and political change.Mather was an crude(a) Puritan thinker and an definitive conservative, lining as a clergyman, writer and sociologist in the sixteen and 17 hundreds. He called for a return to the Puritanical ways of his grandfather and great grandfather if the new world (America) was to be saved and to thrive. Cotton Mathers views are openly expressed in such plant life as Pillars of Salt and The Wonders of the Invisible World. Mather wrote personally and definitely not in an unbiased way, drawing on Biblical and figurative language to speak to the audiences of his time. Mather really emphasized the importance of the bible and conservative religious texts for characterizing moments in time and learning valuable lessons. For Mather, what he wrote was deeply personal. His biases can be seen in his writings and his writings are meant to unsettle, to stir the reader. Elements of this unrest lie in the fear that he invokes, and in the imagination and fiery language meant to press his cause.Cotton Mathers pamphlet Pillars of Salt shows the self-criticality and sensational judgment of Mathers writing and of the tenets of Puritanism. Pamphlets were a sort of true crime fiction, intended to show accounts of gruesome and sinful deaths. This exercising of an impious life was something Mather clung to in his own writings. Mather says to the condemned man James Morgan, Mark what I say You were innate(p) among the enemies of God, you were born with a soul as honorable of enmity against God, as a Toad is full of poison (Mather). Humans are sinful- and the concept of original sin follows everyone, so they should live a dedicated life.Pillars of Salt included Mathers first sermon about

Smart phones Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Smart phones - Research Paper ExampleAlso, the offshoot was slow and, in particular, the previous management of randomness systems where most organizations had fewer computers used to retrieve and inventory information. In addition, the process of sharing information prior to the advent of smartphones was challenging because workers had to take notes from their seniors who some durations ar fast or not audible. However, smartphones bring flexibility and efficiency at the workplace that can inspection and repair the organization to improve the speed of sharing information and ensuring projects are completed on time (Baltzan, Detlor, & Welsh, 2012). This makeup examines how smartphones help to enhance the management of information systems.The widespread use of smartphones in the office environment as a medium for accessing, sharing and using information is influenced by the need to hasten the communication of merry information between employees in an organization. In a globalize d business environment, employees require access to more resources, and this includes decisive information that can help them to improve their efficiency and overall performance of the organization. Smartphones are not alone portable but also has vital features that can improve the sharing of information between employees in the workplace environment. Such key feature include, for example, voice calling, text, emailing and motion-picture show conference that has become an important weapons platform where the top management in different geographical location can relay important information to junior staff in other regions across the world. For example, the top management can utilize smartphones for video conferencing since they can communicate important information to workers who are million miles away in real time (Carayannis & Clark, 2011).Further, smartphones also have several software applications that are relevant for sharing vital informational

Arbitration Law paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arbitration Law paper - Essay ExampleFor example, percentage 1(c) stipulates in matters governed by this part the beg should non intervene except as provided by this part. Nevertheless, the Act makes several provisions for beg intervention at various stages of the proceeding. Arbitration commensurateness is an sympathy to submit to arbitration present or future disputes.6 The Arbitration Act 1996 and the Scotland equivalent, Arbitration Act 2010, take a crap several provisions with regards to requirements for a valid arbitration take forment for example, it should be in writing.7 If the agreement does not satiate any of the requirements, a company can challenge its validity in court. The court has the major power to rule on the validity of the arbitration agreement. It is crucial for courts to exercise powers with regards to the arbitration agreement, so as to stay fresh autonomy of the parties in making an agreement. The will of the parties to enter into the agreement s hould be genuine, and therefore if a party is coerced into the agreement, the court should invalidate it. Section 10(2) of the Scotland Act goes ahead and invalidates any provision in the arbitral agreement that pr all the samets the bringing of a legal action. Moreover, courts, pursuant to ingredient 7 have the power to severe an arbitration agreement from the rest of the contract where the contract is held void for some reason. In Heyman v Darwins the House of Lords held that, an arbitration agreement was not terminated by a breach of the underlying contract.8 In emir Weissfisch V. Anthony Julius, Rami Weissfisch, and Philip Davis9, the court upheld an arbitration agreement where the referee would rule on whether he has jurisdiction over arbitration, even though the party argued that the agreement was void due to fraudulent acts committed by the arbitrator. With regards to the jurisdiction of the tribunal, section 31 enshrines the competence-competence principle, whereby the tr ibunal is empowered to rule on its own jurisdiction. Section 32(1) provides that the court may, on the industry of a party to arbitral proceeding (upon notice to the other parties) determine any question as to the substantive jurisdiction of the tribunal. tribunals have been entertaining many cases of this nature. In First Options v Kaplan10 the Supreme Court ruled that clear and unmistakable evidence should be submitted by the parties as agreed to submit to the arbitrator the question of the arbitrators jurisdiction. If not, the court will determine whether or not the arbitrator had a mandate to arbitrate.11 In Paine Webber Inc. v Mohammad S Elahi, the Court of Appeals held that, unless the parties specifically agreed otherwise it was incumbent for the court to determine both jurisdictional arbitrability and subject matter it was empowered to take up. Section 7 empowers the court to stay proceedings and refer parties to arbitration if an action subject to the agreement is commenc ed. An application to the effect is make by the other party subject to taking steps in those proceeding, to answer the substantive lay claim against him.12 The law requires the court to grant a stay of legal proceeding unless it is satisfied that the arbitration agree

BUSINESS CHALLENGES Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

BUSINESS CHALLENGES - question Paper ExampleThe kind of foods twirled in these restaurants include soups, spaghetti, salads, fried salmon, field mushroom risotto, pork, rack of lamb, desserts such(prenominal) as farmhouse cheese and biscuits, coffee, wine among others. Some of the restaurants in United States are Bar Louie, Primebar, One North, going Star Tavern, Blue smirch, The Grillroom, Townhouse and Midtown Kitchen ( eating houses America 2009).Restaurants in the United States have different features ranging from construction materials to food service and location. They offer customers with power lunches, business meeting points and late night cocktails (Restaurants America 2009). A case in point is Grillroom which is an urban chophouse and wine bar. Others offer inviting, intimate and warm atmosphere for lunch and dinner party with families and friends created by wood paneled and flagstone walls, captivating artwork, oversized curved leather booths and an open kitchen admin istration (Restaurants America 2009). A good example is Red Star Tavern.Looking at employment in the restaurant industry, most entry-level jobs in this sector need slight or no previous culture and basic tasks often can be learned in a short time (Ingram and Joel 68-102). Restaurant managers and m whatsoever division heads, for instance a head chef, usually need some formal training, or years of hospitality industry know-how, or both. All positions in this business need employees to uphold a customer-service direction. Almost all workers in the restaurant business in United States undertake some on-the-job training provided under the supervision of an experienced employee or manager to become accustomed to new employees to any exceptional characteristics of the property or the local area.The restaurant market is projected to see a jump in the number of restaurants in the United States. Many of these newer restaurants are being established in the suburbs where a growing population is more and more

Property law and trust question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Property law and trust question - Essay simulationAccording to English, C. (2005, 211), Personal property includes every(prenominal) property other than freehold estates and interests in husbandry. Personal property was call(a)ed chattels by the common law and often referred to as movable goods, which included such items as money, debts, clothing, household goods, food, and all other movables and the rights and profits related to them (Halsbury, Laws of England, 1960) b) The Japanese- sprint summer house and pagoda Under the law, Sarah has the right to demand for the Japanese style summer house and pagodabecause they are considered as immovable properties and they follow the land. The deed of deal entered by Sarah and the couple, phlegm and Jane, has for it object a parcel of land, which is considered a real property or otherwise known as an immovable property. English, C. (2005,211) defined real property as land and whatever is attached to the land, fixtures, rights and profit s annexed to or issuing out of the land. in that respectfore, Sarah is allowed by law to the recover permanent fixtures attached to the land, after buying the cottage. Hence, if the structures on the land are by nature, fixed and cannot be moved from one place to another, they are considered part of the property which was newly purchased. ... The statutory requirements for a sound narrow for the sale and purchase of land are the following Capacity, Offer and Acceptance, Consideration and Legality (Cummins, 1997, p. 44). b) Explain whether there is a valid come down between Sarah and light beam for the sale and purchase of the London flat Yes, there was a valid bugger off between Sarah and Peter for the sale and purchase of the London flat. All elements for a valid submit of sale are present, namely Capacity, Offer and Acceptance, Consideration and Legality. In the topic at bar, there was a get together of the minds between Sarah and Peter the moment Peter agreed to sell hi s flat to Sarah for the consideration of ?180,000. The fact that Peter accepted the offer tendered by Sarah in the amount of ?180,000, there was already a perfected bring as she signed the letter that she is willing to buy the property. To consider an offer to be acknowledged, a valid act of acceptance must be made by the offeree (Gillies, 2004, p. 149). This was further clarified in the case of Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co., (1893) 1 QB 256. The first requisite of a contract is that both parties have reached an agreement. There are three essential requisites to the creation of a contract, namely agreement, contractual intention and consideration (Oughton and Davis, 2000, p. 21). Here, all the essential requisites to make a contract perfected are present. Therefore, there was a valid contract entered by both parties, giving rise to the cause of action by Sarah against Peter for breach of contract and to compel him to fulfill his obligation to deliver the flat. 3.) Explain the nature of the rights if any, which peter has to keep his horse in the paddock Peter has

Critically evaluate the theories that attempt to explain why women Essay

Critically evaluate the theories that attempt to explain why women continue to suffer disadvantage in the employment relationship - Essay ExampleThe majority of women argon employed in low skilled jobs, and the manner of their dealing with employers is not subject to protections presented by agonistic forces within the fag out market. Majority of women at the work place are exposed to unfair dealings and outcomes with companies (Colgan & Ledwith 2002, p. 172). Their bargaining power is unequal compared to the firm due to lack of protection.This system works unfairly to women tear down as nonmarket mechanisms try to provide some form of protection to them. Since early 1800 there have always been legislations meant to protect female workers. This includes prohibition from working in certain occupations, hours of work and compulsory maternity leave. Consequently, firms responded by either substituting female labour or lowering their wages to cater for the costs. Critics observe th at preventive policies stand in the way of women in their bid to compete with men for high paying jobs (Brown et al 2009, p.151). The paper addresses a range of theories which have been put forward to explain the position women occupy in employment. These theories including radical feminism, Marxist feminism and liberal feminism share some things in common. Apart from postmodernists, labour market segmentation and human capital model the proponents assume human behaviour is determined biologically. On the contrary knowledge from social sciences asserts that as much as people shape society, the society withal shapes people. This is to say that the mainstream feminist theories consider women in employment relations in terms of sex as conflicting to gender.This theory puts much emphasis on the need for human agency as opposed to social structure, in suggesting improvement and explaining womens position. According to the theory it is vital that both individuals and legislation are sub jected to change. However, the behavioural change among people is given much emphasis. The equality between man and women is

Effects of British Colonial Rule in India Essay Example for Free

Effects of British Colonial Rule in India tasteThe colonization of India and the immense transfer of wealth that moved from the latter to Britain were vital to the success of the British pudding stone. In fact, the Viceroy of British India in 1894 c alled India the pivot of our Empire I examine the effects of the Industrial novelty on the sub mere. Besides highlighting the fact that with go forth cheap labor and raw materials from India, the modernization of Britain during this era would cast off been highly unlikely, I will show how colonial insurance led to the privation and death of millions of native-borns. I conclude that while India undoubtedly benefited from British colonial rule, the negatives for the subject race far outweighed the positives. . Colonialism, by definition, is exploitatory and op packive, with the rulers enriching themselves at the expense of those they rule. Generally speaking, colonizers omit a territorys resources, labor force, and markets oft en snips, they impose structures cultural, spiritual and/or linguistic to maintain control over the indigenous advance. The effects of the expansion of europiuman empires, which began in the 15th century, on the colonized can still be felt today.Some historians, for example, argue that colonialism is virtuoso of the leading causes in income inequality among countries in present times. They cite patterns of European settlement as determiner forces in the type of institutions developed in colonized countries, considering them major factors in economic backwardness. Economist Luis Angeles has argued that the high the pctage of Europeans settling in a colony at its peak, the greater the inequality in that kingdom so long as the settlers remained a minority, purposeing that the colonizers drained those lands of essential resources while reaping almost, if not all, of the profits.In impairment of per capita GDP in 1995, the 20 poorest countries were all former colonies, which would seem to bolster Angeles contention. There are, however, competing views on how oftentimes belowdevelopment in todays poorest countries is a byproduct of colonial rule and how much of it is influenced by factors much(prenominal) as a countrys lack of natural resources or area characteristics.For poet, activist and pol Aime Cesaire, the verdict was in Colonizers were the decisive actors the adventurer and the pi stray, the wholesale grocer and the ship owner, the gold digger and the merchant, appetite and force, and crumb them, the baleful projected shadow of a form of civilization which, at a certain taper in its history, finds itself obliged, for internal reasons, to ext eradicate to a world scale the competition of its antagonistic economies. This is not to suggest that Western European nations were the first and only countries to pursue imperialistic policies or that nothing good came out of colonial policies for the subject population.Dinesh DSouza, while arguing th at colonialism has left more positive as intimately as negative legacies, has stressed that there is nothing quaintly Western about colonialism, writing Those who secernate colonialism and empire only with the West either keep no sense of history or prepare forgotten about the Egyptian empire, the Persian empire, the Macedonian empire, the Islamic empire, the Mongol empire, the Chinese empire, and the Aztec and Inca empires in the Americas. For this publishers purposes, however, I will focus on the British Empire, its colonizing efforts in India (1757-1947), and the effects British policy had on that subject population. A couple of caveats before examining the British-Indian relationship experiences differed from colony to colony during this period of European imperialism India was unique in the colonial experience because of its size and history. It also should be noted that India was rather unique among colonized lands during this era for at least two reasons.First, South Asia was already a major worker in world commerce and possessed a healthy-developed trading and financial world by the time Europeans arrived. Indigenous administrative structures already existed for taxation purposes, while commerce within the country and through and throughout the continent offered prospects of giant profits. Second, British India, which included todays India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, was a region so large that there were areas in which Britain exercised direct control over the subject population and others where it exerted indirect control.It is exceedingly difficult, therefore, to extrapolate from ane experience to another. Although it is im accomplishable to determine how India would micturate developed had England never established a dominating battlefront there, I find the roots of British colonialism to have been a mixed bag for India the negatives, however, far outweighed the positives. Liberal and antiauthoritarian aspects of British colonialism in India played a significant habit in leading to a participatory South Asia adjacent Indian independence in 1947.Yet, the British first through the East India association and then through direct government control held almost all of the political and economic designer in India during the Empires expansion and apogee, guaranteeing the Indian economy could not evolve and/or responsibility independent of the ruling supplyeral agencys control ensuring raw materials extracted from Indian soil would go towards British manufacturing industries mostly without profiting the vast majority of Indians and leading to lives of privation for millions of indigenous subjects.Although there have been arguments made that, in political and economic terms, south Asia was backwards until the arrival of Europeans, recent research has debunked that myth, showing the region to have possessed healthy trading and financial structures prior to the Europeans arrival. British Colonial Strategy in the Sub continent purple powers followed two basic strategies when colonizing. They either allowed a large number of Europeans to settle overseas (known as settler Colonies) or sent a much smaller number usually less than 1 share of the population to serve as administrators and tax collectors (known as Peasant Colonies).Britain followed the latter strategy in regards to India. The fortune of position people in India in 1913, for example, was only 0. 1 percent of the countrys population by comparison, they accounted for over one-fifth (21. 4 percent) of the population in South Africa and Losetho during the same period. As antecedently mentioned, Britain exerted both direct and indirect control over the Indian subcontinent. Areas of indirect control are called native states. These were controlled by Indian rulers who wielded considerable power over the internal administration of the land, while the British exercised carry out control over the areas defense and foreign policies. When l ooking at this two-pronged approach Britain took in establishing an Indian colony, the economist Lakshmi Iyer has argued that there is a differential long-term effect on areas the Empire controlled instanter compared to areas in which it basically outsourced control.Rather than expropriating Indian land, which was negligible, the English taxed Indian land, producing considerable r blushues and inducing the indigenous population to shift from traditional to commercial products (e. g. tea). Areas that were directly under British control today have importantly lower levels of public goods relative to areas that were not under direct colonial rule. In 1961, for example, districts (administrative divisions below state level) that had been under direct control of the British Empire had lower levels of primary and middle schools, as closely as medical dispensaries.Present-day passings mingled with directly and indirectly controlled areas, Iyer argues, are most likely the result of diff erences in internal administration during the colonial period because erstwhile the British left in 1947, all the native states were integrated into independent India and have since been subject to a uniform administrative, legal and political structure. The political party and the Crown By the middle of the eighteenth century, there were quintette major European colonial powers the Dutch Republic, France, Great Britain, Portugal, and Spain.From about 1850 on, however, Britains overseas empire would be unrivaled by 1901, the empire would espouse 11. 2 million square miles and rule about 400 million people. For much of the 19th and twentieth centuries, India was Britains largest and economically most important colony, an empire within an empire. It should be noted that although this period coincided with the present of the Industrial Revolution historians and economists have cast doubt on whether industrialization was the sine qua non for British imperialism.They have noted th at Englands first major advance into the Indian subcontinent began in Bengal in the middle of the 18th century, long before large-scale mechanization turned Britain into the workshop of the world. Historian P. J. marshal, in studying proterozoic British imperialism, has written As a blanket term the Industrial Revolution explains relatively minuscule about British expansion in general at the end of the eighteenth century. While Marshall and others may be correct in asserting the British would have pursued empire even without the Industrial Revolution, its advent impacted colonial policy in that it required expanded markets and a immobile supply of raw materials to feed the countrys manufacturing industries. Cotton, for example, was one of the driving forces behind the evolution of Britains modern economy. British traders purchased raw cotton fibers from plantations, processed it into cotton cloth in Lancashire mills, and then exported them to the colonial markets including Indi a.Prior to the Industrial Revolution, India had been the worlds main producer of cotton textiles, with a substantial export trade. By the early nineteenth century, however, Britain had taken over dominating the world market for cotton textiles ground on technology that lowered production costs . This dramatic change in international matched advantage during the Industrial Revolution was surely one of the key episodes in the Great Divergence of brisk standards among Europe and Asia. Britains 200-year run ruling India began in the mid-17th century when the British East India phoner set up trading posts in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta.In 1757, Robert Clive led connection-financed troops led by British officers and staffed by native soldiers known as sepoys in a success over French-backed Indian forces. The victory at the Battle of Plassey made the East India follow the leading power in the country. It would dominate India for just over 100 years, the area it controlled growin g over that time to encompass modern Bangladesh, a majority of southern India and most of the territory along the Ganges River in the north of the country.The East India beau mondes control of Bengal alone yielded taxes of nearly 3 million by 1818, its territorial revenues in India stood at 22 million, allowing it to finance one of the worlds largest standing armies. This established British rule well before the Industrial Revolution could have played any major role in Britain expanding its overseas empire, strengthening historians Marshall, et al. arguments regarding the significance, or lack thereof, of the role mechanization in England had in the countrys expansionist efforts. The fact remains, however, that Britain in the 19th century would become the worlds leading industrial power and India a major source of raw materials for its industry.Whats more, the subcontinents population of 300 million would embed a huge source of revenue and a gigantic market for British-made good s. Although, the English expanded gradually in India during those first 100 years of colonization, once the British government gained control of the countrys administration following the Indian War of Independence in 1857, India was virtually incorporated into the British Empire and became its crown jewel. During the life of the Britain Empire, India was its most profitable colony. Examples of huge returns on British investments in India based on surviving business records are plentiful.To give two examples Binny and Co. , which was founded in 1799 with 50,000 rupees in capital, returned profits of 140,000 rupees only 12 years later and William Mackinnons Indian General Steam and Navigation Co. , which began trading in 1847 and whose assets five years later were valued at more than nine times the original capital of 72,000 rupees. The 1852 course catalogue of the Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China stated that bearing in mind the truly high rate of interest which preva ils in the East and the very lucrative nature of the Exchange Business a very large Annual Dividend may be looked for with certainty.British investment in India increased enormously over the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. correspond to economist James Foreman-Peck, by the end of 1911, 373 stock companies were estimated to be carrying on business exclusively or almost exclusively in India, only were registered elsewhere, with the average size of those companies (railways accounted for nearly half of the capital, and tea plantations about one-fifth) dwarfing the far more numerous 2,463 Indian-registered companies. The discrepancies between the two are stark.The companies registered outside India had paid-up capital of 77.979 million and debentures of 45.353 million compared to 46.251 million and 6 million, respectively, for Indian-registered companies. According to Foreman-Peck, The magnitude of foreign investment and the rate of return on it, br oadly defined, have been seen as a means by which empire imposed burdens on colonies and boosted the imperial nations economy. This was not an view that could only be gleaned in hindsight. Writing at the end of the 19th century, historian Brooks Adams wrote the following Probably since the world began no investment has yielded the profit reaped from the Indian plunder.The amount of treasure wrung from the conquered people and transferred from India to English banks between Plassey and Waterloo (fifty-seven years) has been variously estimated at from $2,500,000,000 to $5,000,000,000. The methods of plunder and embezzlement by which every Briton in India enriched himself during the earlier history of the East India Company gradually passed away, but the drain did not pass away. The difference between the earlier day and the present is that Indias tribute to England is obtained by indirect methods under forms of law.It was estimated by Mr.Hyndman slightly years ago that at least $175 ,000,000 is drained away every year from India without a cents return. dirty money and Famine At the time Britain established its colony on the subcontinent, the Indian economy was based predominantly on agriculture. Iyer has shown that since the Indian economy was so dependent on farming, British annexation policy pore on acquiring land with the most agricultural potential, guaranteeing that land taxation would be the East India Companys/British governments biggest source of income throughout the colonial period.In 1765-66, the East India Company had collected the equivalent of 1,470,000 and by 1790-1791, this figure had risen to 2,680,000. To moderate the land-revenue system, known as tax farming, would proceed to supply money to the East India Companys treasury, the Company introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793, an savvy between it and absentee landlords, known as zaminders.Through this policy, peasants who worked the land became the tenants of the zaminde rs, who, for themselves and the tax collectors, extracted as much as possible from those who cultivated the land. This settlement created a class of Indian landowners loyal to the English and a division in the rural society between the tenants and landlords, which last well into the 20th century. Indian climate is characterized by the monsoon, which more often than not includes nine months of dry weather followed by three months of rains known as the monsoon.At least once in a decade, the monsoon fails to arrive and a drought occurs. Indians for centuries had set aside a portion of crops to ensure there would be adequate food in times of drought. This practice was so successful that between the 11th and 18th centuries, India experienced only 14 major deficits yet, from 1765-1858, when it was under East India Company control, India suffered through 16 major famines, followed by an average of one famine every two years under British Colonial Office rule from 1859-1914.Under British rule during the 18th century, over 25 million Indians died of famine between 1 million between 1800 and 1825, 4 million between 1825 and 1850, 5 million between 1850 and 1875, and 15 million between 1875 and 1900 more than 30 million deaths occurred from famine between 1870 and1910. Why did tens of millions die from starvation under the East India Company and the British Raj? Why, comparatively speaking, did so many famines occur under Britains watch? Historian Laxman D.Satya argues the famines were price-induced and that timely government intervention could have prevented millions of deaths from starvation. posit intervention was minimal, however Lord Curzon acknowledged once that a famine in Indian excite no more attention in Britain than a squall on the Serpentine. Like other European imperialists in the late 18th century, Britain first through the East India Company followed a laissez-faire article of faith whereby government interference in the economy was anathema in add ition, famine later was seen as a natural way to control overpopulation.According to Satya, any act that would influence the prices of grains such as kind-heartedness was to be either strictly monitored or discouraged. Even in the face of acute distress, relief had to be punitive and conditional. The powers that be also began using famine labor to build an infrastructure railways, roads ensuring that revenues would traverse to increase, expenditures would be kept low worst of all, the new infrastructure allowed for the exportation of grain that could have fed the starving.Studies have shown that even in years of official famine Britain only recognized three periods of famine there was never a shortage of food grains. The problem was that with prices for grains so high and wages stagnant, most people could not afford to buy them. As an example, during the Indian Famine of 1887-88, nearly 44 percent of total exports from Berar, one of the hardest hit provinces, were food grain s. Between 1874 and 1903 the province exported an average over 40 hemorrhoid of grain, and Satya has shown that this could have amounted for nearly 30. pounds of food per person.Historian and social commentator Mike Davis has cited even evidence that grains were exported to Europe for speculative trading while millions were dying of starvation. Since the primary concern for the government was maximizing returns on investments, it didnt prioritize famine relief, considering those expenditures wasteful therefore, relief camps were deliberately kept in remote locations and beyond the endeavor of the physically weakened population. Whats more, people seeking relief were required to work on colonial projects as a condition for receiving food as little as 16-22 ounces of food for a nominal of nine-10 hours of often grueling labor Fearing that Indian nationalists would take to the newspapers in general, the government had a comparatively escaped policy toward the press the Raj implem ented tight press control through various laws including the Newspaper map of 1908 and the Indian Press Act of 1910.Its important to note that despite these and other attempts at press censorship, a large number of vernacular newspapers were published throughout the country and played an integral role in creating a nationalist/political consciousness in India.

Background and conditions Essay Example for Free

Background and conditions EssayHow is it possible that devil people release up together in the same family background and conditions, yet turn out to be strangers? How is it possible that two people who have lived together for many grey-haired age are strangers to each other at the determination? In Sonnys Blues, two pals the narrator and Sonny, grows up together in Harlem, fall apart as they grow older, and live in all different lives. In Lullaby, Ayah feels that Chato, her husband, has remained stranger to her level off when they have sp last forty old age together, confront all the hardships and measlys given by life. In Sonny Blues, the narrator is the older companion who is conservative, determined, and a kind of family person. Sonny, who is his younger brother, is carefree and undecided about his future plans. It is sometimes very difficult to assure how two people coming from the same background live life completely opposite from each other. As the narrator and Sonny grow into adults, one moves towards success and the other moves towards failure. Once when their mother was dead, their lives completely changed. The narrator wants Sonny to finish his school and think about his future seriously.After knowing Sonnys plans to spiel jazz music, the narrator is surprised and annoyed. His conservative thinking and definition of success makes him unable to understand his brothers feelings. He fails to understand that music is Sonnys life and thats what he wants to do all his life. That makes him feel that he doesnt know his brother at all. He is like a stranger to him. The narrator, in some way or the other, wants his brother to be like himself and wants him to do whatever he thinks is safe and right for his future.So Sonny was agonistic to move in with his brothers fianci e, Isabel, where he has to stay until he finished high school. Sonny starts skipping school and ultimately he ceases to go all together. He has been spending all his time with some musicians in a white girls apartment. He is scolded and screamed at by Isabels mother and that is what breaks him down and he runs away. After that, whenever the two brothers met they ever so fought awfully. It is hard to not be able to fit into society and that is why Sonny turned to drugs for a understanding of belonging.Nobody was aware about this problem until it was too late. The narrator has never been a better listener to his brother. That is what I think is the greatest factor that gives him the sense of alienation towards his brother. Sonny was unceasingly unbroken away from his dreams. At the end of the story, the narrator for the first time listens to his brother after all these years and tries to understand him and the sufferings he has to face all his life and tries to console him. Thats when he hears him playing the piano and he ends up being proud of his brother.He becomes the important person in Sonnys life, on the way from suffering to success. They b oth end up happy and understanding each other much better. In Lullaby, Ayah, the old woman and her husband, Chato have lived together for forty years. Together, they have seen their three children getting apart. Ayah hates white people because she thinks that Jimmie, their firstborn son, died due to them. BIA-Bureau of Indian Affairs, who consists of white people, takes away her other two children. On the other hand, Chato is always anxious to learn white ways of living.He is fluent in both English and Spanish languages and whole works for white people in a horse farm. She hated him for teaching her to sign her name in English because thats what takes her children away from her. If she had not signed it, her children would never have departed. The white people fired Chato he became ill after that. As Ayah describes it, That satisfied her. To see how the white man repaid years of surety and work. solely of Chatos fine -sounding English talk didnt change things(Baldwin 127).This s hows that Ayah was so rigid about her thoughts for white people that she didnt even spare her husband from criticizing. They got some money from the government that Chato spends for his wine. He was sick and drunk one change surface when Ayah had to go to pick him up from the bar. That is when she feels a sense of alienation and estrangement towards Chato. She could not see him as a person so ill, drunk, and broken mentally from what he has faced after his sincere and loyal work toward white people.This feeling is very different from what the narrator in Sonnys Blues feels about his brother at some point in the story. Even if Ayah and the narrator in both the stories feel the sense of estrangement and alienation towards the people, so close to their hearts, it is different. The narrator and Sonny never stayed together for long when they grew up. They were always apart and different. Ayah and Chato were different in each way but they lived together all their life, they knew they ha d, and faced every suffering together.When Ayah sees Chato losing his strength to fight against the hard facts towards life, she feels this sense of estrangement. She has never seen Chato losing or giving up. She has always seen him facing the difficulties with courage and determination. She feels that they are old now. In Sonnys blues, both the brothers end up happily, but in Lullaby, the end is sad. Ayah has nothing to say about anything anymore. Her life has become memories. But the narrator and Sonny have a lot to do together in their life.

Naples - Pizza Essay Example for Free

Naples Pizza EssayIn todays modern era, restaurants environments including small and midsized ones have come to rely on a modern management system. Certainly, in that respect is plenty of big restaurant business that uses modern table management system, for some small businesses worry cafe shop/cafeteria, or small dining restaurants, purchase of an electronic system might be considered as an uneconomical use of financial resources.However, the recent development of powerful computer programmes capable of addressing a wide variety of record keeping needs, including a table management in one structured system, has contributed to the growing popularity of electronic system control options. One type of business in which management records argon essential is the pizza business. This type of business heavily relies on giving keen accommodations for their nodes to attract good vibes and have good sales every day.Online table records system are designed to smear the work of empl oyee by having a automated table serving for the customers so that they can focus on other things they need to do. Pizza is an oven-baked, flat, round bread typically topped with a tomato sauce, cheese and various toppings. Pizza was originally invented in Naples, Italy, and the dish has since become popular in many separate of the world. An establishment that makes and sells pizzas is called a pizzeria.Many varieties of pizza exist worldwide, along with several dish variants based upon pizza. This program simulates the taking of orders at a pizza takeaway restaurant. It can be used as a template for any retail type business. The order form reckons customers by phone number. You enter a phone number and click Find Customer. If the customer is in the database, their information appears and ordering begins.If the customer is not found, you enter customer information and click Save. To order a pizza, choose from the listed options and click fabricate Pizza. Add as many pizzas to the order as you desire, then click Order make do. A printed receipt is then available. The example database, PIZZADB. DBMS, has a few customers open in Access to find the phone numbers. This database must remain located in the project folder.

Review Of Herman And Chomsky Essay Example for Free

Re calculate Of Herman And Chomsky EssayThe Manufacturing Consent of media operations written and applied by Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky say that elect(ip) group mass media atomic number 18 united and interlocked with other institutional sectors in ingestership, management and social circles. In egalitarian societies mass media plays an important office. They respond to creation concerns and create aw beness to the ground policies important change surfacets and view points.The complete principles of democracy depend upon the nonion of a reasonably informed electorate that reflects public opinion and respond to public concerns Media is an integral intermit of the society, media need non be controlled or set to a pattern they carry united with other sectors. (European daybook of parley 2002, pg.147).Herman and Chomskys propaganda model has been named as conspiracy theory because of its unflinching view of media behavior, according to them mass media ar instrume nts of power that mobilize support for special interests that dominate the state and private activity and mass media acts in unison with other sectors, i.e. the academy, to establish, enforce, reinforce and police corporeal hegemony. (European Journal of Communication 2002, pg148) . Herman and Chomsky reject the conspiracy label however the Manufacturing Consents emphasis is on motives of media behavior, in relation to institutional controls.(Herman and Chomsky 1988,pg 1-35).The model assumes that media designs should be explained in structural footing. According to Herman and Chomsky there are quintuplet major distorting mechanisms which structure the parole content. The authors admit that propaganda model cannot give e really detail of such a complex matter as the working of the content mass media, the model does not assume that news reporters, editors and other workers are instructed or typic altogethery compelled to omit some voices and emphasize others, the model come fo rthlines circumstances down the stairs which media leave behind be comparatively open or closed.As micro-analysis is not the task of the Propaganda Model, it merely provides an oerview of the system at work, making sense out of a confusing picture by removing the chief(prenominal) principles of the system, the basic argument in this context is that meanings are easily filtered by restrictions that are made in the system. The authors argue that meanings are formed at odd levels, as the decisions are understood to be indwelling and sensible, however the authors do not imply that newsroom workers always make decisions to align themselves with the interests of the dominant elites.(Rai,1995pg46)Herman and Chomsky publish that all news material goes through five inter related filter restrictions. Leaving only cleansed eternal sleep fit to be printed.(Herman and Chomsky1988pg 3-14). The five filter elements are (1) the size, concentrated ownership, owners wealth, and profit orienta tion course of the dominant mass-media (2) advertising as the primary income source of the mass media. (3) the reliance of the media on information provided by government, business, and experts funded and approved by the primary sources and agents of power. (Martin and Knight 1997,pg 253-254). (4) Opposition as government agency of disciplining the media (5) anti-communism as a national religion and control mechanism.(Herman ,cited in Wintonick and Achbar,1994pg108).The first filter restriction emphasizes that media are closely interlinked and share frequent interests with other dominant sectors as corporations, the state, and banks. The dominant media sectors are large firms with large businesses they are controlled by very wealthy volume or by their managers who are subject to sharp restrictions by the owners. The second filter emphasizes that the news production process is exceedingly influenced by advertising values , most(prenominal) media must sell markets(readers) to buye rs(advertisers).This dependance can directly influence media performance, Chomsky remarks that media content reflects the interests of the sellers, the buyers, and the product .Herman make loves that the application of the first and second filters of the propaganda model has greatly influenced the economy the communications industries, and politics went through dramatic changes the two filters ,ownership and advertising have become even more important. The third filter is the news gathering process, the dominant elite provide press releases, copies of speeches, periodicals, photos, and frankincense government and corporate sources are attractive to media only for economic reasons. The third filter stresses that the opinions by corporate and state sources are adapted to class interest and market force.Herman and Chomsky stress that the nature of the mutual human relationship between media and sources directly affect the media performance. The powerful can use personal relationship s, threats, rewards, to influence media. The media under obligations whitethorn carry untrue stories in order not to offend their close relationship with the sources. The fourth filter, flak, means the state the dominant social institution which has power and resources to force the media to play a propagandistic role in societyHerman and Chomsky explain that flak refers to negative responses to media statement, it may involve individuals or independent action, and the authors contend that preferred meanings are structured by dominating authorised sources, in this way news may be skewed in the desired direction. The fifth filter, the anti-communism has been replaced by otherness Its the idea of scaring people, creating fear, hatred, and dissatisfy aroused by social and economic conditions, to prevent them from realizing to what is really happening to them.(Chomsky 1998 pg48).The authors maintain that media shapes public opinion by controlling how ideas are presented the five filte rs curb the flow of the news as it passes through its furnish and can easily limit what can be big news.Herman and Chomsky state that these five filter constraints are the essentials of propaganda model, the members of the power elite try to shape the beliefs and attitudes and opinions of the people through the media, relax and open discussions are part of the process but leaders utilize deceit and fury to combat individuals and institutions as the public does not agree with the opinion of the power elite. The world politics has seen radical changes since the demise of communism in the former(prenominal) Soviet Union as mentioned in the Manufacturing Consent.The fifth filter is termed the dominant ideology through out this book, however, anti communism has been emphasized as the ideological elements that are most important in terms of discipline and control mechanisms. The Manufacturing Consent, gives a vague description of the fifth filter its ideology helps to mobilize people against an foeman it can be used against any policies that threaten property interests or support the commie states and radicalism, the model presumes that media performance is understood as the outcome of market forces, the dominant media are deeply and hard imbedded in the market system, the main information sources ,the media depends on are the government and major business firms.Herman and Chomsky view media as dominant ideological apparatus same as mentioned in the thesis by William Domhoff in his book ,The Powers That Be Processes of Ruling Class Domination in America. (Domhoff 1979,pg 169). Domhoff contends that the four basic processes through which the notion class rules are (1)the special interest process(2)policy formation process(3)candidate selection and(4)the ideological process, the Herman and Chomskys theory is the mirror of Domhoffs theory of ideological apparatus for dominant elites.(Domhoff1979,179-183).The Canadian sociologist Wallace Clement writes approxima tely the ruling class of Canada, he states through observation that the ruling elite have remained consistent over the past century. The institutional links within Canada are at elite level, ownership of capital is highly concentrated.(Canadian Corporate selected1975). Another Canadian sociologist Patricia Marchak (1988pg122),stresses that the main question is under what conditions the state would be oblige to act only with reference to the interests of the capital. When such conditions are obtained universally, and when they do, the validity of Propaganda Model is likely to increase.(Patricia Marchak1988,pg34).Herman and Chomsky do not claim that media acts only to circulate propaganda. The Propaganda Model describes the forces that cause the mass media to play a propaganda role they besides argue that media not only table service the political and economic interests of dominant elite but withal of the state. The authors admit that the propaganda model does not explain everyth ing in every context it deals with the patterns of media behavior and performance. The elite media decides what topics, issues, and events that are to be considered news worthy by the lower-tier media and establish the general discourse, they determine, they select, they shape, they control, they restrict in order to inspection and repair the dominant elite groups in the society.This system is at odds with reality as the powerful are able to decide what the general public is allowed to see, hear, think and create public opinion by uninterrupted control. Individual powerlessness grows in the face of globalizing market support organizations as the labor unions are alter .In the final pages of Manufacturing Consent Herman and Chomsky acknowledge that the system is not all powerful, the domination of media by government and the elite have not overcome Vietnam syndrome and public hostility to direct US involvement in destabilisation and over throw of foreign governments. Herman and Ch omsky took the phrase manufacturing have from the influential American journalist Walter Lippman who advocated consent engineering.He said common good should be managed by small specialized class. The creation of consent is not a new art, it was supposed to have died out with the birth of democracy but it is very overmuch alive, it is now based on analysis rather than on rule of thumb. The engineering of consent is the centre of attention of democratic process, (Bernays 1947, cited in Wintonick and Achbar, 1994 pg41). the freedom of speech, press, petition, and assembly the freedoms to make the engineering of consent possible are the most cherished guarantees of the Constitution of the United States.(Lippman, cited inRai,1995pg23). John Jay was the first chief justice of the Supreme Court he said those who own the country ought to govern it in other words it is necessary to ensure that those who own the country are happy or else all will suffer, for they control investment and de termine what is produced and distributed and what benefits will trickle down to those who rent themselves to the owners when they can.The propaganda model contends that media content is organized to manufacture consent and to prevent immunity media content serves political ends the media makes choices that establish and define worthy and unworthy causes. The news coverage devoted to government(state)policy in general(foreign and domestic) by the elite to generate audience interest and sympathy in some stories while directive attention away from other stories Media take close interest in the Third World and their interconnections with the government.(Herman and Chomsky,1988pg13-14).The authors write that media treats victims of oppression and state terrorism differently, depending on the perpetrators. The unworthy victims (victims of oppression and /or state terrorism perpetrated by us (Canada, the US and the other capitalist democracies), and worthy victims (victims of oppression and/or state terrorism perpetrated by official enemy states).Different treatment is observed in sourcing and evaluating stories, full swing investigation in appear of villain and of high officials, to humane treatment more prominent coverage.In lawsuit of unworthy victims of enemy crimes, allegations are simply invented they have to rely on official US. sources unless they prove it wrong in which case they are avoided(Cambodia under Pol Pot is a case in point).It predicts that the victims of state terrorism/violence that is perpetuated by the democracies or client states will be given treatment that can be seen to serve political ends (Chomsky, 1988 pg34). The writers as moral agents are trying to bring the truth about matters of human deduction to an audience that can do something about them.My personal view is that citizens of democratic societies should take a decisive course of self- defense to protect their rights with the help of radio and television, advertising and publi c relations to safe control their rights from being manipulated. The Independent mind must be allowed to develop and grow in a free society it is a troublesome task as in todays free society, consent is manipulation of public opinion. I do agree with the writers, in my view the young minds should separate themselves from the official manipulative system. Thus the writers are invested with a moral responsibility to tell the truth, it is a very difficult task to perform today even in our free society.Works CitedClement, W. (1975) Canadian Corporate Elite Analysis of Economic Power. TorontoMcClelland and Stewart.Domhoff, William G. (1979) The Powers That Be Processes of Ruling ClassDomination in America. New York Vintage Books.European Journal of Communication (2002) SAGE Publications(London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi), Vol 17(2) 147182.02673231(200206)172 147182 023691Martin, Michele with Graham Knight (1997) Communication and Mass MediaCulture, Domination and Opposition. Toro nto Prentice-Hall.Wintonick, Peter and Mark Achbar (1994) Manufacturing Consent Noam Chomskyand the Media. Montreal Black Rose.

Vanity Fair Essay Example for Free

void Fair EssayVanity Fair, an English novel written by William Makepeace Thackeray (United Kingdom Punch Magazine, January 1847 July 1948), epitomizes the earliest 19th century of British society of the duplicity of social climbers, sabotages, avarices, lovelessness, pretentiousness, selfishness. It, at the same time, captures mix occlude of emotion of people who have their origin and counterpart in society as a whole. Furthermore, it is a satirical expose of Williams masterpiece which exposes every chunk of the repulsive righteousness in the current society, not only in the 19th century, precisely also in our contemporary world. In the report Vanity Fair, it depicts a few decades time of a group of British peoples animateness in 19th century. The novel opens at Miss Pinkertons Academy, where we are introduced to Amelia Sedley and Rebecca Sharp (Becky), the novels female protagonists. Amelia and Becky are friends, but they are completely the opposites. Amelia is kind a nd innocent and comes from a loaded family. Becky, in contrary, is cunning, clever, and scheming and emerges from a deprive condition.The story continues when Becky spends her time at the Sedleys and ingratiates herself into the family and tries her best to entice Amelias brother, Joseph, an obese inept man. She practic ally succeeds her attempt, when George Osborne presents and foils this externalize he intends to attach Amelia and does not want a governess for a sister-in-law. Then, Becky works as governess at queen Crawley, and marries Rawdon Crawley, second son of Sir Pitt Crawley. Consequently from this marriage, Rawdons rich aunt, Matilda, disinherits him. Meanwhile, Amelia pines over George, who disrespects and disregards her while he is in the military.Dobbin, Georges closest friend who is also surreptitiously in love with Amelia, begs him to treat her kindly. George all the sametually agrees to marry Amelia, but just as his father prophesied, the Sedleys come to busines s crisis. Georges father disowns him because of the marriage. Both couples endeavor to live arduously. Sadly, George dies in the battle subject at Waterloo. Both Amelia and Becky deliver babies. Amelia sends Georgy, her son, to live with the Osbornes because of her dreadful situation. When Sir Pitt dies, young Mr. Crawley, Rawdons elder brother, inherits the estate and aunt Matildas money.Becky again ingratiates herself with a man named Lord Steyne, who brings her out into high society. After Rawdon discovers that Becky neglects to maintain him out of prison, where he has landed himself for unpaid debts, he is final examly convinced that money means everything to Becky, and he finally decides to leave to Coventry Island where he dies of yellow fever. At the end, Dobbin returns to England, and he finds Amelia. Dobbin stays to help Amelia awe for her son. Mr. Osborne dies and leaves his money for Amelia and Georgy, and three of them set off to Europe, where they find Becky.Becky c onfesses to Amelia that she had been developing a relationship with George, and Amelia finally sees George for who he really was, and marries Dobbin. I was feeling excited and miserable simultaneously by the authors opus that truly indicates about social discrimination, emphasizing on wealth and social rank/status, which immensely reflected the naturalism world. I learned that everything is all about the prominent reputation If Mr. Joseph is rich and unmarried, why shouldnt I marry him? I have only a few weeks, to be sure, but theres no harm in trying(P. 3 L. 2) Becky wanted to climb up from where she was, the place she did not really call back she belongs to, by seducing and alluring a rich guy.Although, she didnt succeed at first place, when George ceased the marriage on the account of not wanting a governess for sister-in-law, yet she perfectly managed to scheme her way up to the exonerate of the heap without demonstrating and being watchful about morality she used all he r adeptly cunning and deceiving ability to contract what she desired social ranking and money. Moreover, the marriage of Amelia and George was undermined by Georges father.It infers that social status and wealth can correspond everything, it even thoroughly eradicates your massive effort In fact, unless Sedleys can pay me ten molarity pounds now, there will be no marriage between you and Amelia Sedley. (P. 24 L26) I was really lost with this false values and practices of society, even though I know that there still exists in our real world. However, the author did not just portray one side of a thing, he also provided the intermixture of evil and good in the story, just as in our recent real contemporary world. in that location were some good people such as Amelia, Lady Jane, William Dobbin and more.Due to the good-naturedness and generosity of Amelia, she was truly loved by the gentleman, Dobbin throughout the whole story. I have loved and watched you for fifteen years, (P. cx L2) At the end of the story, I could see that they lived happily ever after, except for Becky who is so despicable that even her own son didnt consent to have her as a mother, and she deserved it. It opens up my eyes and makes me encounter that you may encounter some horrendous time in life, but once and for all, you will be rewarded from what you have conceived.I also caught the go for so very interesting of how the author has created the factual truth by implying the power of charm and beauty can sometimes be unpredictably venomous. According to the book In fact, he was convinced that Becky was in love with him, unable to resist such a handsome, picturesque fellow as himself (Page 43 Line1) It obviously showed that Rebecca has successfully concocted trap to deceive George to fall for her and gained all the realise to herself by pulling George to play porker with her adept husband.These are all done by the adeptly ingratiating and the doubtless talented nature of a person. After I read this story, I was once again fright to see that a person like Becky can be so meretricious she can get under ones skin advantage over other people around her just to achieve her falsely audacious goal. To my perspective, I strongly admire her aptitude in manipulating and convincing other to be enthralled by her enamor appearance in order to survive in the high society George thought Becky clever, amusing, stylish, and altogether delightful. (Page 32 Line15)However, I am extremely repulsed and disgusted by her achievements. From what men have observed and unders tood, they should be cautious with the woman like Becky, even though they usually fail in doing so and at long last get poisoned by the delicate little venomous snake. What a slippery little snake that woman is (Page 42 Line14) As Khmer old saying say that women are full of tricks (not necessarily all are bad) and Rebecca is unquestionably one of those.Not to be harsh to women, but I am not saying that all women are not trust-worthy, yet for men, we ought to be aware of what women are capable of doing and not be too hasty to trust someone. As living in Vanity Fair, money, possessions and positions are being enormously valued more important than human beings. The setting could be applied in modern times, and it can still be true today. There are many people who are constantly trying to advance the top of the heap, selling themselves for popularity, money, or position, and some fighting over money/inheritance.However, people will eventually realize that those things will not remain immortal. Last but not least, the author wants to inform us that although we may live in vanity, the greatness of reputation and possession, it does not mean that we are slaves to its values, which in the final analysis turn into futility and emptiness. We should value more on the relationship, harmony and loyalty that are not slow attained. Vanity Fair is a long yet worthwhile reading. From my perspectiv e, Vanity Fair is a clear and must-read novel that you would not want to miss reading it.

Peter Weir witness Essay Example for Free

gumshoe Weir witness EssayPeter Weir uses contrast to interrogate the concerns of coetaneous decree. Discuss with close reference to the film Witness. The film witness enjoin by peter weir raises questions about the concerns of contemporary night club. These issues are exposed through the use of film techniques which pay dressing contrast as two cultures clash. The moxie of hearing is challenged to question these ideas the opposing concept of individualism versus a superstar of community the use and abuse of power on with honesty and loyalty as opposed to imposition and disloyalty forbidden have it away and the obstacle of two varying cultures co-existing. The substance of the film highlights the concern of individualism contrasted to a sense of community. An example of individual greed is encapsulated in the identification dead reckoning where Samuel recognizes the killers build (McFee) within the trophy cabinet where he is displayed as a hero. Amidst the diegetic sound of the police station the camera pans to the cabinet. An extreme close up of Samuels eyes a presbyopic with thought provoking medicament suggests his credit that McFee is the murderer. The point of view shots the zooming in on McFees face and the non-diegetic sound forces the viewer to query his honour. The audience has viewed McFee as a killer who appeared in the bathroom washing his hands in a relaxed air and saying casually Im just washing my hands man suggests that his malicious genius is a part if his ever soyday life.This individual sense of greed and self-interest in contemporary society is compared throughout the film with the sense of community and generosity of the more traditional Amish culture. The group B raising scene captures this idea effectively as it portrays the community working together for a common cause. The harmonious music the wide angle shots the cheerful facial expressions and body language and uniform costumes highlight their equality and se nse of belonging to one group.The vertical panning shot of Daniel sharing a drink with maintain demonstrates the farmers selflessness although he is in competition with Book for Rachels affection. This contrast interrogates concerns of self-interest with contemporary society challenging the viewers perception of these cultures. there is also a contrast between how power is utilise within the cultures. Abuse of power is clearly evident with Schaeffer as he is constantly shown as a loyal husband and family man which challenges theaudience to question what is actually an illusion to this representation of character.This characterisation is turn when Book phones Schaeffer and says lost the meaning did you Paul? Remember what you used to say, about dirty cops, somewhere along the way they lost the meaning. This forces the audience to interrogate the power of an individual such as Schaeffer.There is an illusion created within the film that the English society has power over the Amish society. This is evident in the intermediate scene final conflict when Schaeffer and McFee go into the Amish society to arrest/kill Book. Schaeffer and McFee bring along weapons as they believe that is enough to take down Book and the Amish community. A mis-en-scene with a low angle shot, twilight(prenominal) colours and suspenseful music of Schaeffer and McFee walking on the road positions the audience to believe that the English relieve oneself power and that they are going to take down the Amish community. hardly this is contradicted when Samuel rings the bell and a long shot is used to show the Amish people stop, put down everything and run over to help. Schaeffer is defeated by the amount of people working together this allows the audience to question how power is used in contemporary society. Although the Amish society appears to lead a passive lifestyle and weak as they are without weapons they are legato shown to contain power. This is evident when they are travelling in the horse buggy as they are always shown in a low angle shot portraying that they have power and arent under contemporary society.This highlights the contrast that Peter Weir used to question the concern of power in contemporary society. Weir once again uses contrast to interrogate the concern of forbidden love within contemporary society. The Dancing in the barn scene conveys this idea.The music playing is ironic as it says I dont know oftentimes about because Book doesnt know much about Rachel and the Amish community. Rachels hat is missing which indicates she is go away from the Amish culture. Book dances with Rachel and this creates sexual tension but avoids eye contact as he view her culture and doesnt want to disrupt it which creates awkwardness. The Rachel washing scene also expresses this idea as Book avoid eye contact again and rejects making love with Rachel. The next day Book goes up to the hen house that Rachel is in. In front of Book there is a screen door which is typic of abarrier of their forbidden love says to Rachel If we made love last night I would have to say or you would have to leave this again shows that Book respects Rachels culture.The two existences truly merge when book prepares to leave. There is a close up of bonnet as it is placed on the t satisfactory by Rachel symbolising again that she is letting go and wants to be with Book. But this inability for the two communities to co-exist is symbolised also through contrasting scenes of the bird house. Early in the film and on Books leaving as Book is first impeding on the Amish community jailbreak of the bird house, then Book rebuilds the damage that he has cause fixing of the bird house, then restores everything back to normality puts bird house back in place.This forces the audience to interrogate whether these two societies will ever be able to merge together. In conclusion though the film witness Peter Weir is able to interrogate the audience by contrasting the conce rns of individualism versus community, the use and abuse of power and forbidden love in contemporary society.

The First Day of High School Essay Example for Free

The First Day of High take aim EssayRight when I got out of the car, I had no clue where to go, Im addicted to walking through the essence coach doors and going to unite with totally my friends after a electrifying summer, but today was different. It was my first day of high school and I was about to go on an adventure. I finally reached my destination, the freshman courtyard, and I walked into my first period class. I sat down, looked around and theme to myself, I know absolutely no one Then the bell rang and my teacher walked in. First social function that came out of her mouth was, So who has their summer reading assignment? and I sat there in astonishment. In middle school, on the first day, its usually all about rules, rules, and more rules And how the schoolroom should be, but no Not in high school. It was more of, Youre in English honors, permits get to work and write an essay Well wasnt that a surprise. Later passim the day, I finally saw some of my friends an d felt more comfortable that there were people I knew. I was starting to enjoy my classes, and I got to know my teachers a little more, but now it was fifth period lunch and Man was I hungryWhen I walked into the lunchroom, I stopped in surprise on where to go there were swarms of people everywhere I turned, freshman, sophomores, juniors, and even seniors. There was a morsel line, soda machines, and an abundance of tables that filled the cafeteria. You could even sit outside It was a humongous difference from middle school we have so much more freedom. Speaking of freedom, did I mention how spectacular it is in high school compared to middle school? In class, we get to work together and have commodious amount of free time we fucking also take our phones and iPods out more often.During passing we can have our phones out and cant get in trouble for it The best part of all is we can have anyelectronic devices out at lunch and we can go to twain different places, the media and the learning lab. It is so much more suitable than being locked up in immurement all day long. Some people would expect high school to be stricter than middle school and have countless rules. Actually, it is uncomplicated, less strict and more intriguing. When I was in middle school I still felt like a little kid, but now that I am in high school I feel like I am turning into a matured adult.